How do the IMF’s policies link up to green transition objectives? While the organization may be better known for its lending programs to countries in crisis, an underappreciated core area of its operations is the surveillance of its members’ economic policies. For most countries, this exercise is conducted annually or biennially, and its output—a so-called “Article IV report”—sets out the assessments of IMF staff vis-a-vis a country’s economic challenges and advice on how to overcome them. Such advice sets the tone of policy debates within countries and informs the decisions of international investors, therefore making it highly consequential.

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Cautious optimism:How IMF economic surveillance can foster the green transition

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